Auction 79 Part 1 Jewish History: Documents, Photographs, Books, Fashion and Silver Jewelry, Furniture and Lamps
By The Bidder
Sep 23, 2021
9 Leibowitsz street, Gedera, Israel

Gallery address: 9 Leibowitsz street, Gedera.


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More details
The auction has ended

LOT 46:

OSE. Verband der Gesellschaften für Gesundheitsschutz der Juden, illustr., 1929, Bauhaus Litho cover. German, very ...


Start price:
$ 300
Buyer's Premium: 20% More details
VAT: 17% On commission only
Users from foreign countries may be exempted from tax payments, according to the relevant tax regulations
tags:

OSE. Verband der Gesellschaften für Gesundheitsschutz der Juden, illustr., 1929, Bauhaus Litho cover. German, very rare!!!
OSE. Verband der Gesellschaften für Gesundheitsschutz der Juden (obshestvo zdarvoohraneniya evreev), illust., 1929, Bauhaus Litho cover. in German
Berlin, Union O.S.E. 54 pp., soft cover, 22 x 15 cm. 37 illustrations, most of them real photos, signed in Yiddish. Photo of Bauhaus posters in Yiddish.
Stain and some rubbing to cover. Missing lower right corner to title page, missing lower edge to page 19, pictures not affected;
Some pages with light foxing
OSE (an abbreviation for Society for the Health of the Jews; since the mid-1920s OSE), an organization dedicated to the care of children, health care and hygiene of the Jewish population.
History of origin
The Jewish Healthcare Society was founded on the initiative of a group of Jewish public figures in August 1912 in St. Petersburg as the Society for the Protection of the Health of the Jewish Population.
Governing body
The committee (elected on October 28, 1912) included doctors - S. Kaufman (chairman; 1839 / 40-1918; military doctor, full state councilor), N. Botvinnik (1873-1939), M. Gran (1867-1940) , S. Frumkin (1886-1918), A. Zalkind (1866-1931), I. L. Katzenelson, M. Shvartsman (secretary; 1880-1937), A. Bramson (1875-1939), J. Eiger (1862 –1935?), As well as a statistician V. Binshtok (? –1933), lawyer G. Goldberg (deputy chairman;? –1922), and others.
Society charter
The charter determined that the Jewish Health Society "aims to study the sanitary and hygienic conditions among the Jews, disseminate correct hygienic information among them, contribute to the scientific formulation of social and medical affairs, and generally contribute to the protection of the health of the Jewish population."
Activity
Before the first world war
The Jewish Healthcare Society sought to create a unified all-Russian Jewish public health service, including already existing community charities (such as Bikkur Holim, Linot Ha-Tzedek, Rofe Holim, etc.) and a few modern medical institutions (for example, Jewish Hospital in Kiev since 1862; Jewish Children's Hospital named after Berson and Baumanov in Warsaw since 1878, and others), as well as carry out an extensive preventive program to improve the sanitary and hygienic living conditions of the Jewish masses.
In the latter, the goals of the Jewish Health Society overlapped with the activities of the Society of Hygienic Cheap Apartments for the Jewish Population (Petersburg, 1900-1918), created with the participation of the Jewish Colonization Society.
Already in 1913-14. within the Pale of Settlement, the Jewish Health Society organized summer camps for children from poor families, consultations on the protection of mothers and infants, outpatient clinics, dispensaries; free provision of medicines to those in need was established, and their children were provided with milk at the “Drop of Milk” points (later transformed into children's consultations “Tipat Halav” - translation into Hebrew of the Russian name).
By the end of 1914 in Odessa, Kiev, Vitebsk, Brest-Litovsk (now Brest), Kovno (now Kaunas), Moscow, Feodosia and Kharkov, there were departments of the Jewish Health Society, which carried out examinations of the physical and mental state of the Jewish masses, sanitary and hygienic propaganda and disease prevention.
War period
The problem of Jewish refugees created by the First World War, aggravated since the spring of 1915, when thousands of Jewish families were expelled from the war zone and poured into the inner provinces of Russia, prompted the Jewish Health Society to establish "Health and Nutrition Centers" in the front-line areas, and then to coordinate its activities with the Jewish Committee for Aid to the Victims of War (ECOPO).
The Jewish Health Society essentially became the health department of EKOPO and received funds from it (a third of the costs of the Jewish Health Society were covered by the government).
The Jewish Health Society formed the Medical Nutritional Volatile Detachments (of doctors, nurses and nutritionists), which organized polyclinics, mobile hospitals, disinfection baths, kitchens-canteens (mostly for children), as well as points of family distribution of food, which made it possible to save from famine and epidemics of thousands of Jewish refugees.
At the same time, the Jewish Health Society created homes for war invalids, hostels for refugees, and most importantly, expanded the network of children's camps, opened kindergartens, nurseries and so-called playgrounds, etc., where work with children was conducted in their native languages. ...
Days of the February Revolution of 1917
In the days of the February Revolution of 1917, which brought with it the abolition of national restrictions, the chairman of the Jewish Health Society, M. Grahn, defended and achieved acceptance by the leadership of the organization of the view that in a free Russia, Jews would need their own medical institutions.
By August 1917, there were 45 branches of the Jewish Health Society (about fifteen thousand members) in 102 cities (in 35 provinces); they were in charge of 90 outpatient clinics serving about 230 thousand patients, 19 hospitals (507 beds), four children's tuberculosis clinics, 19 food points and nine canteens for children, 125 kindergartens and nurseries (12 thousand children), two sanatoriums for patients with tuberculosis (in Alushta - for adults, in Evpatoria - for children), 24 summer camps and 40 playgrounds for fifteen thousand children, etc.
The Jewish Health Society published nine brochures in Yiddish (circulation 110,000) and dozens of posters on the prevention of infectious diseases, as well as a Russian-language magazine Izvestiya of the Petrograd Central Committee of the Society for the Preservation of Jewish Population (1917-19).
Time of the civil war
The civil war brought pogroms to Russian Jewry, with hundreds of thousands killed, wounded, maimed and ruined, and increased Jewish migration.
Mass epidemics began. Military operations and the German occupation complicated the activities of the Jewish Health Society and made it difficult for the center to communicate with its branches.
At this time, funding for the Jewish Committee for Aid to War Victims and the Jewish Health Society from the main sources (the charitable Tatian Committee and the Special Meeting on the Arrangement of Refugees with its provincial commissions) ceased.
Incredible inflation and the impoverishment of the Jewish masses also severely limited fundraising opportunities. During this period, all the activities of the Jewish Health Society were carried out by branches, which were mainly financed by local, most often city authorities.
Twenties
With the signing (1918–21) of the Brest Peace and pacts with the states that were part of the Russian Empire before the revolution, the Jewish Healthcare Society created 27 Medical Nutritional Flying Detachments, which helped in the arrangement of 40 thousand refugees and deportees who returned to their former places of residence.
This activity was subsidized by the Tsentroplenbezh (Central Collegium for Prisoners and Refugees), created by the Council of People's Commissars (April 1918).
The Soviet authorities, with the active participation of members of the Evsection, carried out the nationalization mainly of educational institutions of the Jewish Health Society, leaving part of its medical and sanitary institutions.
In July 1920, the Idgezk (Yiddish; Evobschestkom - the Jewish Public Committee for Aid to the Pounded), created by the authorities, absorbed the Jewish Healthcare Society and EKOPO. However, both organizations soon withdrew from the Idgezkom (in the RSFSR in January, and in the Ukraine in February 1921), as they encountered opposition from the leadership, mainly members of the Evsection, interested only in the funds coming to them.
In 1921, the Jewish Health Society and the Jewish War Victims Aid Committee were officially closed, but Jewish Health Society activists continued to provide medical and social assistance to Jews through the Joint, which operated in the early 1920s. as part of the ARA (American Aid Administration), and in 1921-23. also participated in the Nansen Hunger Commission. Volunteers of the Jewish Health Society have acted since 1925 within the JointOse Medical Commission (funds came from the Joint).
This work concentrated mainly in the southern regions of Ukraine, as well as in Belarus, where there was a significant Jewish population, including in agricultural settlements. In the 1920s. in many cities (for example, Minsk, Simferopol) and small towns, MSOs (Medical and Sanitary Societies; sometimes called EMCO, that is, Jewish) arose, which essentially served as a cover for Oze.
They served the so-called disenfranchised (that is, deprived of electoral and a number of other civil rights) who did not receive state medical and social assistance. It should be noted that the number of disenfranchised among the Jews was large (for example, in 1926–27 - 30% of the able-bodied Jewish population of Ukraine).